The COP Process: Evolution Over Time

What Is the COP Process and How Did It Begin?

The COP (Conference of the Parties) is a global negotiation process established under its umbrella to combat climate change. This process began with the event held in 1992 and was formalized by the agreement adopted there (the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change).

Since the first COP meeting held in 1995, the participating countries have been meeting annually to update their goals for combating climate change and adopt new decisions. During this process, important agreements such as these were adopted, laying the foundation for global climate policies.

Today, the COP process has become one of the most important mechanisms shaping the world’s future, serving as a broad-based platform for cooperation that includes not only governments but also scientists, the private sector, and civil society.

1992
Introduction

Climate change was addressed on a global scale for the first time. At this summit, the balance between the environment and development was emphasized, the concept of sustainability was placed at the center of the international agenda, and the foundations for future climate policies were laid.

1994
The Contract Is in Effect

It officially entered into force, establishing a binding framework for countries. Through this agreement, the participating countries have assumed the responsibility of monitoring and reporting greenhouse gas emissions, thereby joining a collective effort on a global scale.

1995
First COP

With the first COP meeting held in Berlin, Germany, countries began meeting regularly. This process helped institutionalize international negotiations on combating climate change, paving the way for the establishment of targets that are updated annually.

1997
Kyoto Protocol

With the first COP meeting held in Berlin, Germany, countries began meeting regularly. This process helped institutionalize international negotiations on combating climate change, paving the way for the establishment of targets that are updated annually.

2015
Paris Agreement

The goal of limiting global temperature rise to 1.5°C has been adopted. “This agreement, to which all countries contributed, has become one of the most significant milestones in accelerating climate action thanks to its more inclusive and flexible structure.”

Today
COP Process

Today, COP summits have become a comprehensive platform in which not only governments but also scientists, the private sector, and civil society play an active role. These annual summits play a critical role in shaping global climate policies and taking concrete steps toward a sustainable future.